天安门导游词3000字（通用3篇）

天安门导游词3000字 篇1

各位游客们，我们现在来到的是世界上最大的城市中心广场，天安门广场，面积达到了44万平方米，而且北京在世界上的地理位置就是以广场的经纬度(东经：116°23′17″，北纬：39°54′27″)来确定的。它坐落在北京市中心，一直注视着北京自古至今的历史变革。在明代，这里曾叫做承天门广场，出现了T型广场，当然，现在已经没有了。清代的时候才改为现在的天安门广场。在辛亥革命以后，天安门广场成了最好的群众运动集结地，著名的五四运动，一二九学生运动等等就是在这里发生的。而在这里最著名的事件，相信大家一定知道，那就是在1949.10.1的开国大典，当时这里聚集了30万人，共同来庆祝新中国的成立。解放以后，将T型广场拆除，建了人民英雄纪念碑，人民大会堂和历史博物馆，革命博物馆等大型建筑。而在76年，毛主席去世后，在原来中华门的位置上建立起了毛主席纪念堂，从而形成了广场今天的建筑格局。而在国庆50周年的时候，天安门广场经历了一系列的整修，使广场更加美丽壮观整洁。各位一定很向往我所描述的天安门广场，没有关系，在接下来的游览过程，我将向大家一一介绍。

明代永乐年间，这里叫做承天门，只是一个木牌坊，取“承天启运，受命于天”之意。可是明代的时候被烧毁了，后来修建了面阔九间，进深五间的城楼，真正体现了帝王的之尊。但是明朝末年，又被毁了。而在清顺治年间，重修城楼以后，改名为天安门，将另外的三个皇城门儿都改名为带安字的，将故宫三大殿都改名为带和字的，体现了内和外安的美好愿望。这就是我们现在所看的城楼，它由城基、城台、城楼三个部分组成。基座是汉白玉须弥座，这是我国古代最高等级的基座，高1.59米。城台高14.6米。而城楼重檐歇山顶，这也是当时殿宇屋顶的最高等级。整座建筑高33.7米，在70年重修后，升高了一米。

这座建筑等级非常高的城楼，它的作用也同样非常重要。明清时候，凡是遇到国家大典，都要在城楼上举行“金凤颁诏”的仪式，(就是颁诏时，在城楼正中堞口设宣诏台。宣诏后，用黄丝线机上一只木雕金凤，金凤口中衔着诏书顺墙而下，礼部官员用朵云盘接住，然后放入龙亭，颂到礼部，随后颁布天下。)而且每当皇帝出宫祭祀的时候，这里是必经之路。对于新中国最重要的时刻也是这里产生的，毛主席就是在天安门城楼上庄严宣告新中国成立，并且亲自生气了新中国第一面五星红旗。在城楼上挂的毛主席画像，在每年国庆之前都要更换一次。

在天安门城楼前面的这一条河，被称为金水河。那这里为什么被称为金水河呢?因为这条河是从北京的西北方向被引过来的，而在阴阳五行中，西属金，北属水，所以这条河命名为金水河，而河上的7座汉白玉桥，就是金水桥。其中最旁边的这两座桥叫做公生桥，分别对应着太庙和社稷坛，也就是现在的劳动人民文化宫和中山公园。而中间的这座是御路桥，是皇帝皇后专用的，它旁边的两座是皇族桥，供宗室王公行走，在旁边的两座是品级桥，只有三品以上的官员才可以通过。

在金水桥前面，左右各有一个石狮子。左边的是雄师，右边的是雌狮。我们是如何分出雌雄的呢?因为雄师脚踩的是绣球，而雌狮则是幼狮。现在为了保护文物，这对狮子已经被围栏保护起来了。在天安门前后各有一对华表，其实华表的原名叫做诽谤木，是皇帝为了表示自己能够采纳意见和接受意见而设立的，逐渐演变成了今天的华表。它的顶端的异兽叫做吼，北华表上的叫做望君出，意思是为了让皇帝出宫体察民情 ，而南端的 则叫望君归，意思是皇帝不要留恋宫外的花花世界，应该及时回宫处理政务。

现在请大家向后转，在我们身后，就是天安门广场。在明清时候，这里是成T字型的，中间是南北走向的御路，在御路两侧，建有千步廊，两边都有廊房110 间，到了长安街南侧，在随着红墙向东西两侧延伸，有廊房34间，所以千步廊共有228间廊房。而在御路的最南端明代时是大明门，清朝则改为大清门;东西两侧的门分别是长安左门和长安右门，也分别称为龙门和虎门，因为在科考之后，黄榜在长安左门公布，考中的进士要从这里进入皇城，所以称之为龙门，而虎门的来由则是每年霜降以后，朝廷都要对犯人进行审查，而审定的犯人则被带出长安右门，等于落入虎口，所以称为虎门。而订立这些，都是与五行有关。

在我国古代，有文东武西之说，所以在千步廊东西两侧就是五府六部的所在地。在广场东侧，现在的历史博物馆一带，基本上都是中央文职机关，而西侧，也就是人民大会堂一带，则是五军都督府。为了方便这些官员进入皇城，所以就在龙门虎门外各建了一道南北走向的大门，东公生门和西公生门。

现在我们已经看不到那时候的痕迹了，取而代之的是更有历史意义和政治特色的现代化建筑。

在广场西侧，是人民大会堂。它于1958年10月动工，历时一年，在59年国庆节前就完工了，占地面积17.18万平方米。整座建筑像一个“山”字，中央最高处是46.5米，是整个天安门广场中的最高建筑。大会堂分为三个部分：中央是万人大礼堂，总面积达36000平方米，有席坐一万个，礼堂顶部有巨大的红五角星，放出70到光芒，整个穹顶的装饰布局不仅很壮丽，而且还象征着万民一心，团结在党中央周围;北部是宴会厅，总面积7000多平方米是我国最大的宴会厅;南部则是人大办公楼，这里包括全国37各省市自治区直辖市特区格局特色的会议厅，例如重庆厅，香港厅等等。

在广场东北部是中国革命博物馆，61年7月1日正式对外开放，主要展品是五四以来的革命资料，而周恩来同志纪念馆爷在博物馆中，展品内容极为丰富。广场东南部是中国历史博物馆，它的前身是北京历史博物馆，在26年改为国立历史博物馆，过了4年，改为中央研究院北平历史博物馆，而在34年4月，这里又改为中央博物馆筹备处、北平历史博物馆。它的展品内容是从奴隶制社会夏商周直到清王朝灭亡数千年历史的文物，货币，图画等30多万件，分朝代展出。

正对着天安门城楼的是人民英雄纪念碑。根据49年9月中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议的决议，在天安门广场修建了人民英雄纪念碑，向全国征集了 240多幅设计方案，选出了3个方案，最后决定以梁思成的设计方案为主，在综合其他三个方案，融为一体。也就是我们今天所看到的纪念碑。52.8.1正式兴建，在58.4建成，5.1隆重揭幕。重达百吨的碑芯巨石是由青岛运来北京的，经过一系列的加工雕琢后，成品高14.7米，宽2.9米，厚1米，重60 吨，碑身有413块花岗岩组成。而石碑基座是由17000多块花岗岩和汉白玉组成，面积为3000多平方米。

纪念碑的正面向着天安门，刻有镏金板镶嵌，毛主席亲笔书写的“人民英雄永垂不朽”，背面则是由毛主席起草，周总理书写的158字的碑文(三年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽 三十年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽，由此上溯到一千八百四十年，从那时起为了反对内外敌人，争取民族独立和人民自由幸福，在历次斗争中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽)。碑座四周共有8幅浮雕，高2米，总长40.68米。从东面起，由历史顺序排列，依次是：虎门销烟，今田起义，武昌运动，五四运动，五卅运动，南昌起义，抗日战争，胜利渡江。在胜利渡江的两旁，还有两幅装饰性的图案，内容是：支援前线和欢迎人民解放军。全部浮雕共有 180个人物。

在人民英雄纪念碑南边，就是毛主席纪念堂。纪念堂在1976.11.24动工兴建，仅用了六个月，就全部建成。于毛主席去世一周年时正式开放。在纪念堂北门前有东西两组泥塑，都以革命史诗为内容。主体建筑南门则是以继承毛主席遗志、各族人民显示出无比信心为内容的。南门外的30面红旗，代表了我国三十各省市自治区。纪念堂的台基四周是用来自大渡河畔的枣红色花岗岩砌起，基石周围砌进了来自珠穆朗玛峰的石头和浇灌了中国台湾海峡的水。整个纪念堂主体建筑由三个部分组成：一进入碑大厅，迎面有三米高的毛主席塑像，这里市举行纪念活动的地方;从北大厅南侧的金丝楠木大门进去，就是瞻仰厅，毛主席的遗体就安放在这里;瞻仰厅的南侧是南大厅，毛主席的《满江红》诗词镌刻于这里。三个大厅的东西两侧，有休息厅和老革命家纪念室，现在信增了邓小平和陈云同志的纪念室。

在毛主席纪念堂后面，就是内城的正门——正阳门。在过去，正阳门就是全国最高的建筑，取意：圣主当阳、日至中天，万国瞻仰的意思。现在这里是北京所剩的唯一保存完整的城楼和箭楼。

在明清时代，西城和南城市民来往的交通枢纽是棋盘街，现在位置大概在毛主席纪念堂和正阳门城楼之间的广场上。

其实天安门广场还有一个非常著名的景观，那就是升旗和降旗仪式，每天都会有数以万计的人来观看仪式。我国国旗图案的设计者是曾联松，第一面国旗制作者是国营永茂实业公司的宋树信，这面特大的国旗长5米多，宽3米多，在开国大典上，毛主席亲手升起了这面象征新中国诞生的国旗。

天安门广场原来的旗杆基座是封闭的，升降旗不方便，而且设备已经陈旧，所以在1991.2.25改建新基座，同时改建旗杆。新基座平面为三层，第一层是汉白玉制成，四周都有出入通道，第二层是红褐色花岗岩，象征人民江山万代红，第三层是绿化带，象征社会主义祖国欣欣向荣，另外，四周是56个金黄色铜制的隔离墩，象征着56个民族手拉手、心连心团结在国旗下。

新的旗杆是首钢制造的无缝钢管制成，分4节，重7吨，高32.6米，20年不会锈蚀。

在每旬的第一天或者国家重要庆典，都要举行节日升降旗仪式，其他日子也要举行平时升降旗仪式。每天升旗的时间以日出为准，降旗则是以日落为准，要奏国歌，节日的时候是军乐队现场演奏，而平时则是放录音。如果各位有兴趣，也可以在方便的情况下来观看这一重要景观。

天安门导游词3000字 篇2

Tiananmen Square is located in the center of Beijing and on the centralaxis of the city. It is 880 meters long from north to South and 500 meters widefrom east to west. It covers an area of 440000 square meters and can accommodate1 million people to hold a grand gathering. It is the largest city center squarein the world.

After the revolution of 1911, Tiananmen Square was opened to the outsideworld. Because it is located in the center of the city, it has become a placefor mass meetings, speeches and processions. 1920___ The May 4th Movement in1935, the December 9th student movement in 1935, and the anti hunger and anticivil war demonstrations in 1947 all took place in Tiananmen Square.

Mao Ze, October 1, 1949___ The founding of the people's Republic of Chinawas announced on Tiananmen Square, and the first five-star red flag of new Chinawas personally raised. 300000 people in the capital participated in the grandceremony.

In the north of Tiananmen Square, there is a main street running throughthe East and west of Beijing - Chang'an Street; the five-star red flag is flyinghigh along the north edge of the square; the monument to the people's Heroesstands in the center of the square; Chairman Mao's memorial hall is located inthe South of the monument, where the former Daming gate, Daqing gate andZhonghua Gate are located; Zhengyangmen tower and Jianlou tower are thebuildings at the south end of the square; the Great Hall of the people islocated in the west side of the square; The National Museum of China is locatedon the east side of the square.

First of all, let me introduce Chang'an Street. Chang'an Street in the Mingand Qing Dynasties was divided into two sections. The East Chang'an Street wasfrom the left gate of Chang'an to Dongdan pailou, and the West Chang'an Streetwas from the right gate of Chang'an to Xidan pailou, with a total length ofabout 10 Li, commonly known as "10 Li Long Street". In 1966, Chang'an Street wastransformed into an important traffic road across the East and west of y's Chang'an Street starts from Tongzhou District in the East and ends atShijingshan District in the west, with an average width of 70 meters and amaximum width of 100 meters. With a total length of 92 Li, it is known as"hundred Li Long Street".

After Chang'an Street, you can get to the north side of the square. Thefirst thing we see is the flag and flagpole. The designer of the national flagis Mr. Zeng Liansong. In 1991, China promulgated the national flag law. In orderto meet the requirements of the new ceremony of raising and lowering thenational flag, the original flagpole base and flagpole were reformed. Thereconstructed flagpole base covers an area of 36 square meters, surrounded bywhite marble railings and 2-meter-wide steps. The outer ring of the base ispaved with ochre red granite more than 2 meters wide, and the outermost layer isa green belt 5 meters wide. The guardrail outside the green belt is composed of56 golden copper isolation piers, symbolizing the unity of 56 nationalitiesunder the national flag. The new flagpole is made of seamless steel tube, 32.6meters high, assembled in 4 sections, weighing 7 tons. After special treatment,it can reach 20 meters___ No rust in years.

In addition, the "National Flag Law" stipulates that the flag raisingceremony is divided into two kinds: Festival flag raising and weekday flagraising. The flag raising and lowering ceremony will be held every nationalimportant celebration or on the 1st of every month. At that time, 36 officersand soldiers of the national flag guard of the Chinese people's Armed PoliceForce and 60 members of the military band will form a guard of honor, and themilitary band will play the National Anthem live. During the flag raisingceremony, only 36 officers and soldiers of the national flag guard performed thetask of guard of honor, and the national anthem was recorded during theceremony. The rising and falling time of the national flag is determinedaccording to the time of sunrise and sunset every day. The whole process is 2minutes and 7 seconds.

The monument to the people's Heroes is located in the center of the September 30, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese people'sPolitical Consultative Conference adopted a resolution to erect the monument tothe people's Heroes in Tiananmen Square. That afternoon, Mao Ze___ He led allCPPCC members to hold a grand foundation laying ceremony in Tiananmen than a year later, Liang Sicheng's design scheme was determined as the mainone, and various opinions were solicited to form today's model. Constructionstarted in 1952 and the opening ceremony was held on May 1, 1958.

The monument to the people's heroes we see today is built on a two-storyplatform, 38 meters high. The top of the monument is regulated by the core of the monument weighs more than 60 tons. The body of the monument ismade of 413 pieces of granite. The whole building uses more than 17000 pieces ofgranite and white marble. The front of the monument is made by Mao Ze___ "Thepeople's heroes will never die" was inscribed. The inscription on the back iswritten by Mao Ze___ The content of the inscription is: "the people's heroes whodied in the people's Liberation War and the people's revolution in the pastthree years are immortal! The people's heroes who died in the people'sLiberation War and the people's revolution in the past 30 years are immortal! Itcan be traced back to 1840 years. Since then, in order to fight against theinternal and external enemies and strive for national independence and people'sfreedom." The people's heroes who died in all previous struggles are immortal!"Below the body of the tablet is a small pedestal. Three wreaths are carved inthe north and south directions of the pedestal, one in the East and one in theWest. There are eight wreaths on all sides. The wreaths are composed of peony,lotus, Lily and chrysanthemum. The 10 tablets of the marble carving aresurrounded by the stone tablets under the small tablet. The contents are in thefollowing order: "Humen destructed opium", "Jintian uprising", "Wuchanguprising", "54 movements", "May 30 Movement", "Nanchang uprising", "AntiJapanese War", and "victory crossing the river." There are two decorativereliefs on both sides of "crossing the river in victory", which are "supportingthe front line" and "welcoming the people's Liberation Army". All the reliefshave 180 tasks, summarizing my revolutionary history of more than 100 years. Themonument to the people's Heroes is the first large memorial building in NewChina.

Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is located on the south side of the monument. Agold plaque inscribed "Chairman Mao Memorial Hall" by Hua Guofeng is hung on thedoor. The whole project of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall took only six months, andwas completed on September 9, 1977 in MAOZe___ It was officially opened to theoutside world on the anniversary of his death. The first floor of the memorialhall is divided into three parts. The North Hall is the place wherecommemorative activities are held. In the center of the North Hall is ChairmanMao's white jade sitting statue, behind which is a giant picture of themountains and rivers of the motherland embroidered with velvet. In the center ofthe hall is Chairman Mao's crystal coffin. The crystal coffin is placed on ablack granite coffin bed. In the crystal coffin is Chairman Mao's body coveredwith the flag of the Communist Party of China. Chairman Mao's poem "man JiangHong and Comrade Guo Moruo" is engraved on the north wall of the South e are two groups of group sculptures outside the north gate and South Gateof the memorial hall. There are 62 figures in the four groups, which are jointlycompleted by more than 100 sculptors from 18 provinces in China.

On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the people, which wasbuilt to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republicof China. It was one of the top ten buildings in the 1950s. The Great Hall ofthe people is the tallest building in Tiananmen Square with the shape of"mountain" and the highest point in the center of 46.5 meters. Its constructionarea exceeds that of the Forbidden City. There are 134 pillars around the hall,including 12 pillars at the east main entrance, each of which is 25m high and 2min diameter. All are inlaid with natural marble. The national emblem on theforehead is 4 meters in diameter and weighs 2 tons. The Great Hall of the peopleis mainly divided into three parts: in the south is the office area of theNational People's Congress; in the middle is the auditorium of ten thousandpeople's Congress, which can hold ten thousand people to hold meetings; in thenorth is the banquet hall, which can hold five thousand people's banquet and tenthousand people's reception. It is the largest banquet hall in China.

To the east of the square is the National Museum of China. 20___ It wasofficially established on February 28, 20__, and the name of the library is___Comrade's inscription is one of the top ten buildings in the 1950s. In thesouthern part of the National Museum is the Museum of Chinese history, in whichthe basic display is "general history of China", starting from the Yuanmoupeople 1.7 million years ago until the fall of the Qing Dynasty; in the northernpart is the Museum of Chinese revolution, which collects modern and contemporarycultural relics since the Opium War in 1840. Among them, the memorial to LinZexu's destructed opium of Humen, the imperial edict of Emperor Xuan of the QingDynasty, the first five-star red flag that was raised when the founding ceremonywas held.

天安门导游词3000字 篇3

Dear friends: now, we come to Tiananmen Square. Let me give you a briefintroduction. Tiananmen Square is the largest city center square in the is located in the center of Beijing. Tiananmen Square is rectangular, 880meters long from north to south, 500 meters wide from east to west, with a totalarea of 440000 square meters. If people stand shoulder to shoulder on thesquare, the whole square can hold 1 million people, that is to say, 1 / 13 ofthe total population of Beijing can stand here at the same time, big enough!

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the square was not so big. At that time, itwas in the shape of "t". The horizontal line of "t" was our Chang'an Streettoday, and the vertical line was the long strip area from the current nationalflag pole to the memorial hall of Chairman Mao. On both sides of this area,government organs were distributed according to the pattern of r liberation, the buildings on both sides of the original square weredemolished, thus forming the basic pattern of today's Square.

Around Tiananmen Square, there are many famous buildings. Now I'd like tomake a brief introduction clockwise. Let's start with the Great Hall of thepeople on the west side of Tiananmen Square. The Great Hall of the people islocated on the west side of Tiananmen Square. It is the place where the NationalPeople's representatives participate in politics, discuss politics, hold majormeetings and exercise sovereignty. It was built in 1959, with a maximum heightof 46.5 meters , is the tallest building in the square now. The whole hallconsists of three parts: the office building of the Standing Committee of theNational People's Congress in the south, the Great Hall of ten thousand peoplein the middle and the state banquet hall in the north. It took only 10 monthsfrom the design to the completion of the whole building, which is a miracle inthe history of Chinese architecture.

At the north end of the square is the familiar Tiananmen tower, which isthe symbol of new China. On October 1, 1949, Chairman Mao solemnly declared tothe people all over the world, "the people's Republic of China is founded! TheChinese people stand up from now on!"

On the east side of the square stands the Museum of Chinese history and theMuseum of Chinese revolution, which was completed in 1959. It is the main placefor collecting and displaying ancient and modern Chinese historical relics andrevolutionary relics.

To the south of the monument to the people's Heroes is the Chairman MaoMemorial Hall. There used to be a gate there. It was called Daming gate in theMing Dynasty and Daqing gate in the Qing Dynasty. It was changed to ZhonghuaGate in the Republic of China and was demolished after liberation. AfterChairman Mao died in 1976, a solemn and solemn Chairman Mao Memorial Hall wasbuilt on its base. The memorial hall was built in 1977 to commemorate the greatleader Chairman Mao. Now Chairman Mao's body is safely lying in the crystalcoffin for people to hang on, look forward to and express their deeprespect.

In the middle of the square stands the monument to the people's heroes,China's first monument. It is built to commemorate the people's heroes who haveshed their heads and blood for the independence and freedom of the Chinesenation since the Opium War in 1840 and the founding of the people's Republic ofChina in 1949. The whole monument, 37.94 meters high, is located on adouble-layer base, surrounded by eight white marble reliefs, reflecting China'snearly 100 years of revolutionary history. On the back of the monument areinscriptions drafted by Chairman Mao and written by Premier Zhou. On the frontare eight gold-plated characters inscribed by Chairman Mao himself: "thepeople's heroes are immortal.".

Tiananmen Square is a witness of modern Chinese revolution. The May 4thmovement, the March 18th massacre and the December 9th massacre all took placehere. Tiananmen Square is also a witness to the birth of new China and the happylife of the people today. Now, it has been rated as "China's first scenery" bythe people all over the country. Every day, friends from home and abroad come tovisit it.

OK! No more! You must want to take some pictures here. Now, please takepictures freely. We will gather at the North flag pole in 10 minutes. Thankyou!